quá ư

Definition

Adverb:
- Excessively, extremely, too much: "quá ư" is an adverb used to emphasize that a degree, state, or characteristic exceeds a normal or acceptable level, often implying surprise, criticism, or strong emotion.

Usage Examples

Adverb:
- Thời tiết hôm nay nóng quá ư! (The weather today is excessively hot!)
- Anh ấy cẩn thận quá ư, đến mức mất nhiều thời gian. (He is overly careful, to the point of wasting a lot of time.)
- Cô ấy tốt bụng quá ư. (She is extremely kind-hearted.)

Advanced Usage

"quá ư là...": This structure reinforces the degree even more, translating to "is really too...".
- Cậu bé này quá ư là nghịch ngợm. (This boy is really too mischievous.)
Used to express subjective judgment, often with a negative connotation about something being unreasonable or beyond expectation, but can also be used for positive emphasis.
- Giá cả ở đây đắt quá ư! (The prices here are ridiculously expensive!)
- Bài hát này hay quá ư! (This song is amazingly good!)

Variants and Related Words

Quá (adv): Too, very. A more common and slightly less emphatic synonym.
- quá đẹp (too beautiful/very beautiful)
Quá lắm (adv): Too much, extremely. A near-identical synonym to "quá ư", as noted in Vietnamese-Vietnamese dictionaries.
- tồi quá lắm (extremely bad)
Quá mức (adv/phrase): Excessive, beyond the limit. Focuses more on exceeding a standard.
- tốn kém quá mức (excessively costly)
Ư (particle): An archaic or literary particle sometimes used for emphasis, similar to "quá", but rarely used alone in modern Vietnamese outside of fixed phrases like "quá ư".

Synonyms

Related Phrases

Notes on Usage

Register: "Quá ư" is commonly used in both spoken and written Vietnamese. It carries a stronger emphatic tone than the simple "quá".
Position: It typically precedes an adjective (e.g., ) or follows a verb/adjective to modify it (e.g., ). Both positions are correct, with the post-positive position being very common in exclamations.
Emotion: The phrase often conveys the speaker's strong personal feeling—be it admiration, annoyance, or shock—about the high degree of a quality.

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